Connection with Globalisation
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The history of the major events leading up to 9/11 and those that are a direct consequence of the War on Terror demonstrate a very strong correlation with a gradually globalising world near the end of the 20th century. The ideology or concept of jihad through mujahedeen fighters of different nationalities but one uniting religion/ideology matured and spread throughout the world during the chaos of the Soviet-Afghan and later Afghan Civil War which later evolved to being engaged in worldwide terrorism once Afghanistan was under Taliban rule, where it was safe for groups such as al-Qaeda to operate. These groups were composed of Muslim individuals from all over the world, including Western countries, as were their bases and cells which could communicate between each other only with the most modern tools of globalisation such as cell phones and computers connected to the internet, which also facilitates the spread of propaganda to recruit young men to wage Sunni jihad. States like the U.S.,
U.K and China also played a role in funding, arming and training the rebels during
the Soviet-Afghan War and beyond which shows how such a conflict can be global
in scope instead of regional.
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The source of funding of mujahedeen organisations is also global, with funds coming from governments and important individuals with a particular interest in the conflict, be they Muslim or not. The supranational goal of most of these organisations is to unite Sunni Muslims no matter ethnicity or race (in theory at least) in a state reminiscent of the Caliphate empires known as ‘‘Ummah’’ in Arabic. While anti-modern in many ways, these forces of global jihad nevertheless embraced certain aspects of globalisation instead of traditional values such as political isolation and ethnic nationalism while still remaining in a conservative mind-set with regards to societal values. New York City, as an international city and major trading hub home to the U.N. truly showed the global reach of 9/11 especially since it was heavily covered by the media as an even of almost biblical proportions for the following weeks. Many people around the world interpreted the event differently, some even believing the attack were an “inside job”, that is to say they were planned by the U.S. government or even the state of Israel. This global movement is named “9/11 truthers”.